Four Techniques for Building Demolition

Demolishing a structure to pave the way for new development is a crucial step in many construction projects. In the United States, buildings typically stand for around 50 to 60 years before they are dismantled, and this process is far more common than most people realize.

No two demolition projects are alike. Each presents unique challenges and requires a tailored approach. Here, we delve into four widely-used techniques for bringing structures down—implosion, selective deconstruction, wrecking ball operations, and high-reach arms. Learn about the strengths and limitations of each, and how Rigo Demolition can guide your project toward success.

Using Explosives for Controlled Demolition

Implosion is perhaps the most dramatic method of dismantling a building, involving the precise placement of explosives to collapse a structure inward. This technique focuses on destabilizing critical supports, allowing gravity to take care of the rest.

Though the process lasts mere seconds, successful implosions require meticulous planning and execution. Structural analysis is essential to determine where charges must be positioned, ensuring the building falls as intended. Even a slight miscalculation can result in complications, as seen during the initial failed attempt to bring down Detroit’s Pontiac Silverdome in 2017.

While visually striking and efficient for large buildings, implosion is rare, accounting for less than one percent of demolition projects. Its use is typically reserved for massive structures that cannot be dismantled through conventional means.

Selective Deconstruction for Material Recovery

Selective deconstruction, often called strip-out or precision demolition, focuses on carefully disassembling structures to salvage materials for reuse or recycling. This process aligns well with environmentally conscious practices, as it enables the recovery of materials like metals, concrete, wood, and bricks—many of which can be repurposed for future construction projects.

This technique’s emphasis on resource recovery makes it a sustainable choice. Up to 85 percent of materials may be repurposed during such projects. However, the process is slow and requires a highly skilled workforce, which can increase costs and timelines. For those prioritizing sustainability over speed, selective deconstruction is an ideal option.

Machinery-Based Methods: Wrecking Balls and High-Reach Arms

When heavy machinery is involved, two primary methods dominate—wrecking balls and high-reach arms. Here’s how each works:

Wrecking Ball Demolition
This classic approach uses a massive steel ball, weighing up to 13,500 pounds, to smash into buildings. Attached to a crane, the ball is either swung into the structure or dropped onto it, breaking through walls and other components.

Despite its effectiveness, this method requires an exceptionally skilled crane operator. Poor control can lead to safety hazards, including potential damage to surrounding areas. Noise, dust, and debris are also significant concerns. Wrecking balls are best suited for open spaces and mid-sized structures.

High-Reach Arm Demolition
This method uses a powerful arm attached to heavy equipment like an excavator to dismantle buildings piece by piece. Unlike the wrecking ball, this technique offers greater precision and reduces dust and debris. High-reach arms are typically reserved for structures exceeding 60 feet in height, making them ideal for multistory demolitions.

Both methods are effective, though high-reach arms are often preferred for safety and environmental considerations.

Consultation with Rigo Demolition

For expert guidance on demolition techniques and strategies, Rigo Demolition stands ready to assist. Our team utilizes advanced sorting systems to promote sustainability, turning concrete and other materials into reusable resources. Reach out to discuss your next project and see how we bring expertise to every phase of demolition.